Handwritten Chemical Ideas

3.2 The size of ions	13.10 Azo compounds
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1. Measuring amounts of substance
1.1 Amount of substance	AS
1.2 Balanced equations	AS
1.3 Using equations to work out reacting masses	AS
1.4 Calculations involving gases	AS
1.5 Concentrations of solutions	AS
2. Atomic structure
2.1 A simple model of the atom	AS
2.2 Nuclear reactions	AS
2.3 Electronic structure: shells	AS
2.4 Electronic structure: sub-shells	AS
3. Bonding, shapes and sizes
3.1 Chemical bonding	AS
3.2 The size of ions	A2
3.3 The shapes of molecules	AS
3.4 Structural isomerism	AS
3.5 Geometric isomerism	AS
3.6 Optical isomerism	A2
4. Energy changes and chemical reactions
4.1 Energy in, energy out	AS
4.2 Where does the energy come from?	AS
4.3 Entropy and the direction of change	AS
4.4 Energy, entropy and equilibrium	A2
4.5 Energy changes in solutions	A2
4.6 Born-Haber cycles	A2
5. Structure and properties
5.1 Ions in solids and solutions	AS
5.2 Molecules and networks	AS
5.3 Forces between molecules: temporary and permanent dipoles	AS
5.4 Forces between molecules: hydrogen bonding	AS
5.5 The structure and properties of polymers	AS/A2
5.6 Bonding, structure and properties: a summary	AS
6. Radiation and matter
6.1 Light and electrons	AS
6.2 What happens when radiation interacts with matter?	AS
6.3 Radiation and radicals	AS
6.4 Infrared spectroscopy	AS
6.5 Mass spectrometry	AS
6.6 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy	A2
6.7 Where does colour come from?	A2
6.8 Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy	A2
6.9 Chemistry of colour	A2
7. Equilibrium in chemistry
7.1 Chemical equilibrium	AS
7.2 Equilibria and concentrations	A2
7.3 Equilibria and partial pressures	A2
7.4 Partition equilibrium	A2
7.5 Ion exchange	A2
7.6 Chromatography	A2
7.7 Solubility equilibria	A2

8. Acids and bases
8.1 Acid-base reactions	AS
8.2 Weak acids and pH	A2
8.3 Buffer solutions	A2
9. Redox
9.1 Oxidation and reduction	AS
9.2 Redox reactions and electrode potentials	A2
9.3 Predicting the direction of redox reactions	A2
9.4 The effect of complexing on redox reactions	A2
10. Rates of reactions
10.1 Factors affecting reaction rates	AS
10.2 The effect of temperature on rate	AS
10.3 The effect of concentration on rate	A2
10.4 What is a catalyst?	AS
10.5 How do catalysts work?	AS
11. The Periodic Table
11.1 Periodicity	AS
11.2 The s block: Groups 1 and 2	AS
11.3 The p block: nitrogen and group 5	A2
11.4 The p block: Group 7	AS
11.5 The d block: characteristics of transition metals	A2
11.6 The d block: complex formation	A2
12. Organic chemistry: frameworks
12.1 Alkanes	AS
12.2 Alkenes	AS
12.3 Arenes	A2
12.4 Reactions of arenes	A2
13. Organic chemistry: modifiers
13.1 Halogenoalkanes	AS
13.2 Alcohols and ethers	AS
13.3 Carboxylic acids and their derivatives	AS
13.4 The –OH group in alcohols, phenols and acids	AS
13.5 Esters	A2
13.6 Oils and fats	A2
13.7 Aldehydes and ketones	A2
13.8 Amines and amides	A2
13.9 Amino acids	A2
13.10 Azo compounds	A2
14. Organic synthesis
14.1 Planning a synthesis	A2
14.2 A summary of organic reactions	A2
15. Managing a chemical process
15.1 The operation of a chemical manufacturing process	A2
15.2 Feedstocks	A2
15.3 The best conditions for the process	A2
15.4 Becoming even more efficient	A2
15.5 Costs	A2